The conclusion comes from an analysis of art works by Van Gogh, Picasso, Dali and others.
A possible reason that narcissism is on the rise.
Many narcissists see their narcissism as a positive quality — they are almost proud of it.
While narcissism is often considered a bad thing, not all aspects of the trait are negative.
Almost everyone reduces in this selfish personality trait with time.
Getting these questions wrong is a classic sign of a narcissist.
Both young and old agree on the most narcissistic generation.
The modern way to develop a personality disorder.
The modern way to develop a personality disorder.
Posting too many pictures to social media can turn you into a narcissist, new research reveals.
People posting pictures heavily to social media became 25% more narcissistic in the four months of the study.
The increase pushed many across the cut-off for having a narcissistic personality disorder.
However, those posting mostly text to social media, such as Twitter, did not see a rise in narcissism.
There has been much debate about whether social media can increase narcissism, explained Professor Phil Reed, who led the study:
“There have been suggestions of links between narcissism and the use of visual postings on social media, such as Facebook, but, until this study, it was not known if narcissists use this form of social media more, or whether using such platforms is associated with the subsequent growth in narcissism.
The results of this study suggest that both occur, but show that posting selfies can increase narcissism.”
The study followed 74 people aged 18 to 34 for four months.
Their social media use was tracked, along with narcissistic personality traits.
People used social media for an average of three hours per day, although some used it for up to 8 hours per day.
Professor Reed said:
“Taking our sample as representative of the population, which there is no reason to doubt, this means that about 20% of people may be at risk of developing such narcissistic traits associated with their excessive visual social media use.
That the predominant usage of social media for the participants was visual, mainly through Facebook, suggests the growth of this personality problem could be seen increasingly more often, unless we recognise the dangers in this form of communication.”
Professor Roberto Truzoli. study co-author, said:
“The use of visual social media may emphasise the perception of narcissistic individuals that they are the main focus of attention.
The lack of immediate ‘direct’ social censure, may offer them the opportunity to inflict aspects of their narcissistic personality, present themselves in a grandiose manner, and realise fantasies of omnipotence.”
The study was published in The Open Psychology Journal (Reed et al., 2018).
They did not feel guilty about cheating, either.
They did not feel guilty about cheating, either.
Narcissists are more likely to cheat and do not feel as guilty about it, research finds.
The study on academic cheating found that fiddling the test allowed narcissists to show off their academic ability to their peers.
Narcissists often appear more attractive to others, until their real personalities shine through.
Dr Amy Brunell, the study’s first author, explained:
“Narcissists really want to be admired by others, and you look good in college if you’re getting good grades.
They also tend to feel less guilt, so they don’t mind cheating their way to the top.”
Narcissists are highly self-centred and want to show off their skills to others.
A lack of empathy means narcissist feel less guilt for what they do.
Dr Brunell said:
“Narcissists feel the need to maintain a positive self-image and they will sometimes set aside ethical concerns to get what they want.
We found that one of the more harmless parts of narcissism — exhibitionism — is most associated with academic cheating, which is somewhat surprising.”
Typical questions that identify a narcissist include strongly agreeing with the statement “I think I am a special person.”
However, it wasn’t this but the showing off that really drove the narcissists in the study to cheat.
Dr Brunell said:
“You would think that the belief that you are a special person and that you can do what you want would be associated with cheating.
But instead, we’re finding that it is the desire to show off that really seems to drive cheating.”
Narcissists also believed that everyone else was cheating just the same as them, Dr Brunell said:
“One argument might be that narcissists are admitting to cheating, but saying that everyone else does it, too.
But that’s not what we found.
Narcissists actually report more cheating for themselves than they do for others.
It seems likely that the same people causing problems in the workplace and engaging in white collar crime are the ones who were cheating in the classroom.”
High self-esteem — which is quite different from being a narcissist — was not linked to cheating.
Dr Brunell said:
“People with higher levels of self-esteem are probably more confident in their abilities and don’t feel any peer pressure to cheat.”
People with high self-esteem thought others were unlikely to cheat, since they did not need to themselves.
The study was published in the journal Personality and Individual Differences (Brunell et al., 2011).
How to spot a narcissist from their online behaviour.
How to spot a narcissist from their online behaviour.
People who are addicted to Facebook are more likely to be narcissists, new research finds.
The study followed the Facebook use of 179 German students over a year.
All were asked about their personalities and other aspects of their psychological life, like levels of depression and anxiety.
The results showed that people with narcissistic personalities were more likely to get addicted to Facebook.
The study’s authors write:
“Facebook use holds a particular meaning for narcissistic people.
On Facebook, they can quickly initiate many superficial relationships with new Facebook-friends and get a large audience for their well-planned self-presentation.
The more Facebook-friends they have, the higher is the possibility that they attain the popularity and admiration they are seeking; whereas in the offline world they might not be as popular since their interaction partners can quickly perceive their low agreeableness and exaggerated sense of self-importance.”
The researchers also found that Facebook addiction was linked to higher levels of depression and anxiety.
Whether people can really be ‘addicted’ to Facebook is still a controversial issue.
However, people addicted to Facebook typically show the six characteristics of addiction, the authors argue:
“FAD [Facebook Addiction Disorder] is defined by six typical characteristics of addiction disorders: salience (e.g., permanent thinking of Facebook use), tolerance (e.g., requiring increasing time on Facebook to achieve previous positive using effect), mood modification (e.g., mood improvement by Facebook use), relapse (reverting to earlier use pattern after ineffective attempts to reduce Facebook use), withdrawal symptoms (e.g., becoming nervous without possibility to use Facebook), and conflict (e.g., interpersonal problems caused by intensive Facebook use).”
The study was published in the journal PLOS ONE (Brailovskaia & Margraf, 2017).
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