10 Jobs That Make People Most Happy (M)
…and the 10 jobs that make people the most miserable.
Category: Happiness
How To Feel Happier Right Now
The type of music that brings back the most vivid positive memories.
The type of music that brings back the most vivid positive memories.
One of the simplest ways to feel happier right now is to recall a happy memory.
Re-experiencing a happy moment from the past can give you just the required boost.
And music can help you do that — so long as you choose the right type.
Research suggests both happy and peaceful music helps you recall positive memories.
But, if you listen to music that is sad or emotionally scary, it will help bring back the wrong sort of memories.
It seems that upbeat, happy music, in particular, gives the quickest access to happy memories.
The study’s authors write:
“…positive and highly arousing musical cues resulted in the quickest access to memories, and we observed a link between the emotional valence, but not the arousal, levels of the cue and the accessed memories.”
It might not be a surprise that happy music helps bring back good memories.
But there was one surprise: the type of happy music was important.
Peaceful music brought back the most vivid, positive memories.
Peaceful music is typically positive but not too exciting.
As Dr Signy Sheldon, the study’s first author, explained:
“High cue arousal led to lower memory vividness and uniqueness ratings, but both high arousal and positive cues were associated with memories rated as more social and energetic.”
Randomly played music — both positive and negative — was also successful in bringing back vivid memories.
Dr Julia Donahue, who co-authored, the study, said:
“It is possible that when cues were presented in a random fashion, the emotional content of the cue directed retrieval to a similar memory via shared emotional information.”
The study was published in the journal Memory & Cognition (Sheldon & Donohue, 2017).
Acts Of Kindness Really Do Boost Happiness
Acts of kindness can nudge your happiness in the right direction.
Acts of kindness can nudge your happiness in the right direction.
Little acts of kindness really do provide a small, but significant boost to happiness.
Things like running an errand for a neighbour, helping someone in the street or giving someone a present unexpectedly all boost the giver’s happiness.
That’s to say nothing of the happiness of the person who received the help.
Psychologist have even found that helping others boost happiness more than helping yourself.
This could be because helping others helps to nurture social relationships.
Researchers pooled the results of 21 different studies to reach their conclusions.
The happiness gains from an act of kindness are equivalent to one point on a 1-10 scale, the study’s authors concluded.
The study’s authors conclude:
“These effects are comparable to other positive psychology interventions.
This suggests that performing acts of kindness will not change your life, but might help to nudge it in the right direction.”
Acts of kindness have even been suggested as a way to help people experiencing excessive amount of anxiety.
Dr Oliver Scott Curry, the study’s lead author, said:
‘Humans are social animals. We are happy to help family, friends, colleagues, community members and even strangers under some conditions.
This research suggests that people do indeed derive satisfaction from helping others.
This is probably because we genuinely care about others’ welfare, and because random acts of kindness are a good way of making new friends, and kick-starting supportive social relationships.’
Dr Curry continued:
‘Many groups in the last decade have been keen to establish a link between kindness and happiness, including the UK government.
Offering kindness to others has been explored as a possible panacea for many of our social ills, ranging from social isolation to more serious mental and physical health conditions.
Our review suggests that performing acts of kindness will not change your life, but might help nudge it in the right direction.
We recommend further research is done to compare the effects of being kind to family and friends as opposed to strangers.
This is an area about which we know surprisingly little at the moment.’
The study was published in the journal Open Science Framework (Curry et al., 2016).
The Emotional Trick To Get Depressing Chores Done (M)
Getting motivated to do the chores is all about how you manage your happiness day-to-day, research finds.
The Age At Which People Are Least Happy With Their Lives
Survey of 160 countries finds the age at which people are the least satisfied with life.
Survey of 160 countries finds the age at which people are the least satisfied with life.
Life satisfaction dips in middle age, after which it starts going up again beyond the age of 54, a study of worldwide well-being finds.
The dip in life satisfaction occurs around the age of 45 until 54, and is seen across many wealthy English-speaking countries, including the United States, Canada, the UK and Australia.
There were similar findings in these countries for the emotional aspects of happiness.
This was likely because people experienced higher levels of stress, worry and anger in middle age than they do in old age.
Professor Angus Deaton, one of the study’s co-authors, said:
“This finding is almost expected.
This is the period at which wage rates typically peak and is the best time to work and earn the most, even at the expense of present well-being, so as to have increased wealth and well-being later in life.”
Not a universal pattern
Economics is only one of many possible factors.
Western, wealthy countries have better healthcare systems, which are better able to ameliorate some of the problems of ageing.
The U-shaped pattern for life satisfaction was not universal, though, as many poorer countries show a simple decline in life satisfaction with age.
In the former Soviet Union, for example, life satisfaction declines with age, as it does in Latin American countries.
The only exception was African countries where average life satisfaction remained low throughout the lifespan.
Here are the graphs for how average life satisfaction changes with age for four different areas of the world:
Professor Deaton said:
“Economic theory can predict a dip in well-being among the middle age in high-income, English-speaking countries.
What is interesting is that this pattern is not universal.
Other regions, like the former Soviet Union, have been affected by the collapse of communism and other systems.
Such events have affected the elderly who have lost a system that, however imperfect, gave meaning to their lives, and, in some cases, their pensions and health care.”
Sense of purpose
The data the findings are based on comes from 160 countries which represents over 98 percent of the world’s population (Steptoe et al., 2014).
When the researchers looked at happiness and mortality, the key to a long life appeared to be a sense of purpose.
When older people feel their life has purpose, their chance of dying was dramatically reduced.
The study’s authors conclude:
“Even though the results do not unequivocally show that eudemonic well-being is causally linked with mortality, the findings do raise intriguing possibilities about positive well-being being implicated in reduced risk to health.”
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Why Other People Make Us So Happy – And Also So Sad (M)
Other people have the capacity to make us very happy and very sad.
The Reason Trying To Be Happy Does Not Work
People who push themselves to feel happy can end up feeling worse.
People who push themselves to feel happy can end up feeling worse.
Putting too much value on being happy, paradoxically makes that happiness more difficult to achieve, research finds.
In fact, a greater need to enjoy experiences is linked to more depressive symptoms.
In other words, people who push themselves to feel happy can end up feeling worse.
One reason is down to disappointment.
Imagine listening to some music and trying to force oneself to enjoy it more.
The disappointment felt if it does not work could make one feel worse than if they had not bothered trying to feel happier.
None of this means that pursuing happiness is a waste of time — it just has to be done in the right way.
A happiness culture
There is also a cultural factor to consider.
Culture plays an important part in how we think about happiness, the new study reveals.
Researchers carried out happiness surveys on groups of people in the UK and EU and compared them to previous results from people in the US.
The results showed that people in the US and the UK who valued happiness more also found it harder to focus on and savour positive experiences.
Dr Julia Vogt, study co-author, explained:
“We observed that the inability of participants to focus attention while feeling a range of emotions was a major factor in this idea of not being able to savor a positive experience.”
However, the link was not as strong in the EU, suggesting that culture is a factor.
Dr Vogt continued:
“The relationship between valuing happiness and depressive symptoms was seen far more significantly in UK [and US] participants than those from other nationalities or dual citizens.
We don’t go so far as to test what those differences are, but there seems to be a significant divide between English-speaking western cultures and other cultures when it comes to how our internal value of experiencing happiness shapes our experiences and mood.”
→ Read on about sustainable happiness.
The study was published in the Journal of Happiness Studies (Kahriz et al., 2019).
Financial Pressure Makes People Spend For Happiness – Unfortunately It Backfires (M)
When people feel financial pressure, they are more likely to try and spend their way to happiness.
The Group Of People That Makes Us Happiest
Friends or family? Which group of people make us happiest?
Friends or family? Which group of people make us happiest?
People report feeling happier when they are with their friends than their family, research finds.
However, this is probably because of the type of activities that people tend to do with their friends compared with their family.
With friends, people do more enjoyable activities, such as going to restaurants, sports or visiting new places.
In comparison, with families people do more mundane tasks, like chores and caretaking.
The study reveals a positive view of the family, says Dr Nathan Hudson, the study’s first author:
“Our study suggests that this [feeling happier while with friends] doesn’t have to do with the fundamental nature of kith versus kin relationships.
When we statistically controlled for activities, the ‘mere presence’ of children, romantic partners, and friends predicted similar levels of happiness.
Thus, this paper provides an optimistic view of family and suggests that people genuinely enjoy their romantic partners and children.”
For the study, over 400 people were asked to think back to activities they had done and rate their happiness and sense of meaning.
Psychologists compared the amount of happiness people felt when around three different groups:
- Friends,
- children,
- and romantic partner.
The results revealed that people were happiest when relaxing, eating and socialising.
People tended to do these activities more often when they were with their friends rather than their families.
Study participants spent 28 percent of their time with their partner socialising, but 65 percent of their time with friends socialising.
Time spent with children was often drudge work, involving housework and ferrying them from one place to another.
However, people viewed childcare positively.
Once the activity was taken out of the equation, people reported having just as much fun with friends as family.
Dr Hudson explains:
“It’s important to create opportunities for positive experiences with romantic partners and children—and to really mentally savor those positive times. In contrast, family relationships that involve nothing but chores, housework, and childcare likely won’t predict a lot of happiness.”
The study was published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (Hudson et al., 2020).
How To Stay Positive Day-To-Day (M)
The best way to stay positive when daily stressors are piling up.
